what electronic property of semiconductors and insulators determines how much energy they can absorb from a photon?

Band gap is the electronic property of semiconductors and insulators determines how much energy they can absorb from a photonA band gap is the distance between the valence band of electrons and the conduction band. Essentially, the band gap represents the minimum energy that is required to excite an electron up to a state in the conduction band where it can participate in conduction. A semiconductor or an insulator will not absorb photons of energy less than the band gap as it does not have a desired energy to cross the band gap , hence cannot be absorbed . Hence , the energy of proton should be more than band gap , so that it can be absorbed and rest of its energy will get converted into it's kinetic energy . To learn more about Band gap  here :https://brainly.com/question/16961123#SPJ4