Jackie enjoys having her boyfriend Seth hold her close when they are watching television. She appreciates it when Professor Jones maintains a distance of at least two feet from her while he assists her with her tutoring. In view of this, which statement applies to the relationships that Jackie shares with Seth and with her professor? A) Seth is enjoying intimate distance and the professor is at public distance. B) Seth is enjoying social distance and the professor is at public distance. C) Seth is enjoying intimate distance and the professor is at personal distance. D) Seth is enjoying social distance and the professor is at personal distance.
Individuals who are approximately the same age and are linked by common interests, including friends, classmates, and the 'kids in the neighborhood,' are most appropriately referred to as ________. A) significant others B) generalized others C) peers D) confederates
Believing that all football players are academically challenged, that all African Americans are great athletes, and that all women can cook well are examples of ________. A) culture shock B) the relativist fallacy C) stereotyping D) cultural relativism
What term applies to the stages that people pass through from birth to death, beginning with 'childhood' and concluding with 'the older years'? A) rites of passage B) life theme C) the life course D) stages of development
In developing his theory on moral development, when did Kohlberg claim most people reach the postconventional stage? A) Most people reach this stage shortly after birth. B) Most people reach this stage after passing through puberty. C) Most people reach this stage during the 'midlife crisis.' D) Most people do not reach this stage.
Pigs, spiders, elephants, and other animals that rely solely on instinct act as they do because they lack a ________. A) cerebral cortex B) brain C) central nervous system D) moral compass
As societies grow larger, they divide work among members based on some standardized characteristic such as age or sex. This is referred to as ________. A) social solidarity B) social imperative C) division of labor D) class structure
The two sociologists who referred to society as being a kind of living organism were _______ and ________. A) Auguste Comte; Emile Durkheim B) Karl Marx; Max Weber C) Auguste Comte; Herbert Spencer D) Emile Durkheim; Max Weber
The automobile, and the skills needed to drive it, would be an example of ________. A) nonmaterial culture B) technology C) cultural leveling D) cultural adaptation
According to symbolic interactionists, the deciding factor that determines if change in society is good or bad requires ________. A) an understanding of who may have benefited from the change B) an understanding of who may have been victimized by the change C) a framework or context from which to view the meaning of the change D) a macroanalytical focus of the extent and duration of the change
The social scientist who criticized the theory of Lawrence Kohlberg and developed an alternative theory on the development of morality based on personal relationships was ________. A) Jane Addams B) Margaret Sanger C) Carol Gilligan D) Margaret Mead
The book published by W. E. B. Du Bois in 1899 that analyzed how African Americans in a major United States city coped with racism was ________. A) The Souls of Black Folk B) White Over Black C) The Philadelphia Negro D) The Crisis
Several years ago, the gay community applied for a permit to march in the St. Patrick Day's Parade in Boston. When denied, the gay community filed suit and won. Rather than permitting the gay community to march in the parade, the parade trustees cancelled the event. Sociologists would suggest this conflict in values between the trustees of the parade and the gay community would eventually lead to ________. A) consensus that gays are evil because they caused a traditional event to be cancelled B) social change that brings attention to gay rights and eventual acceptance C) social integration of the gay and straight communities resulting in a bisexual society D) armed conflict, or 'cultural war, ' between the gay and straight communities
